ABSTRACT
Abstract Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that play a critical role in the immune response against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and represent a therapeutic target in cancer. Objective: To identify and quantify DCs in tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) under the influence of HPV infection. Methodology: CD1a and CD83 antibodies were used to identify immature dendritic cells and mature dendritic cells by immunohistochemistry in 33 primary TSCC and 10 normal tonsils (NTs), respectively. For the TSCC samples, the number of DCs per area was evaluated in the intra- and peritumoral compartments. For the NTs, the quantification of DCs was evaluated in the intra- and peritonsillar compartments. HPV detection methods were determined according to the ASCO Clinical Practice Guidelines from the College of American Pathologists Guideline (2018). Results: There were fewer intratumoral CD1a+ DCs in the HPV-positive and HPV-negative TSCC groups than in the NT group (p<0.05). In the peritumoral compartment, there were fewer CD83+ DCs in the HPV-positive and HPV-negative TSCC groups than in the NT group (p<0.001). The quantification of DCs subtypes showed no statistical differences between HPV-positive and HPV-negative TSCC groups (p>0.137). Patients with HPV-positive TSCC had significantly better overall survival rate than those with HPV-negative TSCC (p=0.004). Conclusion: Tumor activity contributes to DC depletion regardless of intralesional HPV positivity. An improved prognosis has been reported in patients with HPV-positive TSCC.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Smoking has been shown to alter innate and adaptive immune responses and is directly associated with the onset of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoke exposure on dendritic cells (DCs) from OSCC patients. CD1a and CD83 antibodies were used to identify immature and mature DCs, respectively, by immunohistochemistry in OSCC samples of 24 smokers and 24 non-smokers. Density of DCs was calculated in intra and peritumoral areas. Clinical and microscopic findings were reviewed and analyzed for all patients. Smokers with OSCC had a lower density of intra and peritumoral DCs when compared to non-smokers. Tumors classified as moderately/poorly differentiated had lower peritumoral CD1a+ DCs than well-differentiated tumors (p < 0.001). Smoking contributed to a depletion of immature and mature DCs in the OSCC.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO Introdução A utilização de questionários sintoma-específicos no câncer de cabeça e pescoço (CCP) em conjunto com avaliações objetivas da deglutição pode ser sensível às mudanças na qualidade de vida (QV) decorrentes da disfagia, porém é uma ferramenta pouco utilizada como complemento de avaliações clínicas. Objetivo analisar a associação entre o questionário de disfagia M. D. Anderson (MDADI) com a videofluoroscopia (VF) da deglutição em pacientes tratados do CCP. Método Estudo retrospectivo, com revisão de prontuários, dados da VF e do questionário de disfagia MDADI. Foram incluídos indivíduos maiores de 18 anos, tratados do câncer de cavidade oral, orofaringe, hipofaringe e laringe, independentemente do tratamento curativo. Para o exame de VF, foram consideradas as deglutições de 5 e 20 ml na consistência néctar. O teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para avaliar a associação entre o questionário MDADI e a VF. Resultados Casuística de 39 indivíduos, predomínio de homens, 34 (87,18%), e média de idade de 61 anos. Prevalência de câncer de cavidade oral, 16 (41,03%). Vinte e dois (56,4%) possuíam estádio clínico IV. Cirurgia isolada foi o tratamento mais prevalente, 16 (41,03%). Vinte indivíduos (51,28%) se alimentavam por via oral. A média total (MT) do MDADI foi de 63,36. Na correlação da VF com o MDADI, observou-se associação significante entre MT, domínio emocional (DE) e domínio físico (DFis) com penetração para 5 ml. Penetração e aspiração com 20 ml determinou prejuízo para questão global (p=0,018 e p=0,0053), DE (p=0,0012 e p=0,027), DFis (p=0,0002 e p=0,0051) e MT (p=0,0023 e p=0,0299), respectivamente. A presença de estase não determinou piora da QV. Conclusão Pacientes tratados do CCP que apresentam penetração/aspiração demonstram impacto na qualidade de vida nos DE e DFis.
ABSTRACT Introduction The use of symptom-specific questionnaires on head and neck cancer (HNC), together with objective swallowing measures, can be sensitive to changes in quality of life (QoL) resulting from dysphagia, but this tool is not broadly used as a complement to clinical evaluations. Purpose To analyze the correlation between the M. D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) questionnaire and videofluoroscopy (VF) in patients treated for head and neck cancer. Methods This is a retrospective study with review of clinical data, VF and MDADI results. The study sample was composed of adult patients (>18 y.o.) treated for tumors at the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx, regardless of treatment type. For the VF examination, swallowing of 5 and 20 ml of nectar-thick liquids were considered. The Mann-Whitney nonparametric test was applied to evaluate the correlations between the MDADI and VF. Results Thirty-nine patients, mostly men (87.18%), with mean age of 61 years participated in the study. Most patients (16) presented oral cavity tumors (41.03%). Twenty-two patients were in advanced clinical stage (IV). Surgery was the most prevalent treatment (41.03%). Approximately half of the participants (20) received oral feeding. The total mean (TM) on the MDADI was 63.36. Comparison between VF and MDADI data showed significant correlation between TM, emotional domain (ED), and physical domain (PD) with penetration during the swallowing of 5 ml. Penetration and aspiration with 20 ml determined worse QoL on the global (p=0.018 and p=0.0053), emotional (p=0.0012 and p=0.027) and physical (p=0.0002 and p=0.0051) domains, and TM (p=0.0023 and p=0.0299), respectively. The presence of stasis did not determine worse QoL. Conclusion Patients treated for HNC who presented penetration/aspiration showed worse QoL on the emotional and physical domains of the MDADI.